The solution at revision #20165 of , by Valter. This is not the current version.

Statement

5.9.3. How much will the entropy of 1 kg of water at a temperature of 293 K increase when it is converted to steam?

Solution

The process of converting water into steam consists of two consecutive stages: heating the water to its boiling point, and the vaporization (boiling) process itself. The total change in the entropy of the system is the sum of the entropy changes in each stage:

1. Heating the water
When heating from the initial temperature to the boiling point , the temperature changes, so we find the entropy increment using the integral:

Given that the supplied heat is (where is the specific heat capacity of water):

2. Vaporization
The boiling process occurs isothermally at a constant temperature . The entropy increment at this stage is:

where is the specific heat of vaporization of water.

3. Total entropy change

Answer