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en/2.5.21.md
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| + | ### Statement | ||
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| + | $2.5.21.$ [Insert the problem statement] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ### Solution | ||
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| + |  | ||
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| + | Suppose the slide has minimum initial speed $u$. In the frame of reference of the slide, the mass $m_2$ must have barely any kinetic energy left when it reaches the top of the slide. In other words, the slide and the mass must have the same speed $v$ in the original frame of reference when the mass reaches the top. From conservation of momentum, | ||
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| + | \[m_1u=m_1v+m_2v\qquad\Rightarrow\qquad v=\frac{m_1u}{m_1+m_2}.\] | ||
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| + | From conservation of energy, | ||
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| + | \[\frac{1}{2}m_1u^2=\frac{1}{2}m_1v^2+\frac{1}{2}m_2v^2+m_2gh\qquad\Rightarrow\qquad\frac{1}{2}m_1u^2=\frac{1}{2}(m_1+m_2)\left(\frac{m_1u}{m_1+m_2}\right)^2+m_2gh.\] | ||
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| + | Solving for $u$, we obtain | ||
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| + | \[u=\sqrt{2gh\left(1+\frac{m_2}{m_1}\right)}.\] | ||
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| + | #### Answer | ||
| + | |||
| + | [Insert a concise answer or boxed result] | ||
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| ### Statement | |||
| $2.5.21.$ [Insert the problem statement] | |||
| ### Solution | |||
|  | |||
| Suppose the slide has minimum initial speed $u$. In the frame of reference of the slide, the mass $m_2$ must have barely any kinetic energy left when it reaches the top of the slide. In other words, the slide and the mass must have the same speed $v$ in the original frame of reference when the mass reaches the top. From conservation of momentum, | |||
| \[m_1u=m_1v+m_2v\qquad\Rightarrow\qquad v=\frac{m_1u}{m_1+m_2}.\] | |||
| From conservation of energy, | |||
| \[\frac{1}{2}m_1u^2=\frac{1}{2}m_1v^2+\frac{1}{2}m_2v^2+m_2gh\qquad\Rightarrow\qquad\frac{1}{2}m_1u^2=\frac{1}{2}(m_1+m_2)\left(\frac{m_1u}{m_1+m_2}\right)^2+m_2gh.\] | |||
| Solving for $u$, we obtain | |||
| \[u=\sqrt{2gh\left(1+\frac{m_2}{m_1}\right)}.\] | |||
| #### Answer | |||
| [Insert a concise answer or boxed result] | |||