Added 2.2.37
en/2.2.37.md
+136 −0
| @@ -0,0 +1,136 @@ | |||
| + | <!DOCTYPE html> | ||
| + | <html lang="en"> | ||
| + | |||
| + | <head> | ||
| + | <meta charset="utf-8"> | ||
| + | <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> | ||
| + | <meta http-equiv="content-language" content="en"> | ||
| + | <meta name="keywords" content="solutions, savchenko, physics problems, olympiad physics, physics book"> | ||
| + | <meta name="description" content="A website with solutions to physics problems from Savchenko Textbook"> | ||
| + | <meta property="og:title" content="Savchenko Solutions"> | ||
| + | <meta property="og:image" content="img/logo.png"> | ||
| + | <meta property="og:description" content="A website with solutions to physics problems from Savchenko Textbook"> | ||
| + | <meta name="yandex-verification" content="6cfda41f74038368"> | ||
| + | <title>Savchenko Solutions</title> | ||
| + | <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://savchenko-physics.github.io/css/css-latex/style.css"> | ||
| + | <link rel="icon" href="https://savchenko-physics.github.io/img/logo.png" type="image/png"> | ||
| + | <script src="https://savchenko-physics.github.io/js/jquery-1.10.1.min.js"></script> | ||
| + | <script async src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.7/MathJax.js?config=TeX-MML-AM_CHTML"></script> | ||
| + | <script type="text/x-mathjax-config"> | ||
| + | MathJax.Hub.Config({ | ||
| + | extensions: ['tex2jax.js'], | ||
| + | jax: ['input/TeX', 'output/HTML-CSS'], | ||
| + | tex2jax: { | ||
| + | inlineMath: [['$', '$'], ['$', '$']], | ||
| + | processEscapes: true, | ||
| + | processClass: 'tex2jax', | ||
| + | ignoreClass: 'html' | ||
| + | }, | ||
| + | showProcessingMessages: false, | ||
| + | messageStyle: 'none' | ||
| + | }); | ||
| + | </script> | ||
| + | </head> | ||
| + | <body style=""> | ||
| + | <header style="text-align:center;"> | ||
| + | <h2>Solutions of Savchenko Physics Textbook</h2> | ||
| + | <p class="author"> | ||
| + | Aliaksandr Melnichenka <br/> | ||
| + | October 2023 | ||
| + | </p> | ||
| + | </header> | ||
| + | |||
| + | <h3 id="back-link"><a href="../#2.2">$\leftarrow$Back</a></h3> | ||
| + | |||
| + | <h3> Statement </h3> | ||
| + | <p> | ||
| + | $2.2.37.$ Determine the thrust force of an air-jet engine of an airplane flying at a speed of $V$. The mass consumption of fuel and air entering the engine is equal to $\mu_1$ and $\mu_2$, respectively. Velocity of combustion products relative to the aircraft at the engine exit $u$. | ||
| + | </p> | ||
| + | |||
| + | <h3>Solution</h3> | ||
| + | <p> | ||
| + | |||
| + | </p> | ||
| + | <center> | ||
| + | <figure> | ||
| + | <img src="2.2.37.jpg" | ||
| + | loading="lazy" width="250" /> | ||
| + | <figcaption> | ||
| + | Reference frame relative to the earth | ||
| + | </figcaption> | ||
| + | </figure> | ||
| + | </center> | ||
| + | <p> | ||
| + | |||
| + | \begin{equation*} | ||
| + | \Delta p_x = ((\mu_1 + \mu_2)u - \mu_2 v) \Delta t | ||
| + | \end{equation*} | ||
| + | |||
| + | From the condition: | ||
| + | $$ | ||
| + | u_{\text{rel}} = u, \quad v_{\text{rel}} = 0 | ||
| + | $$ | ||
| + | |||
| + | Write the vector sum for the relative velocities | ||
| + | $$ | ||
| + | \vec{v}_{\text{rel}} = \vec{0} - \vec{v} | ||
| + | $$ | ||
| + | |||
| + | $$ | ||
| + | v_{\text{rel} \, x} = -v_x | ||
| + | $$ | ||
| + | |||
| + | $$ | ||
| + | +v_{\text{rel}} = -(-v) = v | ||
| + | $$ | ||
| + | |||
| + | Find the change in momentum over a soapy time interval | ||
| + | |||
| + | \begin{equation*} | ||
| + | \Delta p_x = \left( \mu_1 u + \mu_2 (u - v) \right) \Delta t | ||
| + | \end{equation*} | ||
| + | |||
| + | Let's use Newton's second law in impulse form | ||
| + | |||
| + | \begin{equation*} | ||
| + | F_x = \frac{\Delta p_x}{\Delta t} = \mu_1 u + \mu_2 (u - v) | ||
| + | \end{equation*} | ||
| + | |||
| + | By definition of mass consumption | ||
| + | |||
| + | $$ | ||
| + | m_1 = \mu_1 \Delta t, \quad m_2 = \mu_2 \Delta t | ||
| + | $$ | ||
| + | |||
| + | According to Newton's third law, these forces are equal to | ||
| + | |||
| + | \begin{equation*} | ||
| + | T = -F_x | ||
| + | \end{equation*} | ||
| + | From where the required thrust force | ||
| + | $$ | ||
| + | \boxed{|T| = \mu_1 u + \mu_2 (u - v)} | ||
| + | $$ | ||
| + | </p> | ||
| + | |||
| + | <h4>Answer</h4> | ||
| + | <p> | ||
| + | $$F = \mu_2 (u - v) + \mu_1 u$$ | ||
| + | </p> | ||
| + | <p style="text-align: right; font-style: italic; font-size: 14;"> | ||
| + | Almaskhan Arsen<br> | ||
| + | </p> | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | <footer class="row container"> | ||
| + | <br> | ||
| + | <p> | ||
| + | <small> © <strong>Savchenko Solutions</strong>, 2023-2024 <br></small> | ||
| + | </p> | ||
| + | <p> | ||
| + | <small>All rights belong to the authors. <br> Commercial use of materials - with the written permission of the authors. <br> astrosander01@gmail.com <br></small> | ||
| + | </p> | ||
| + | </footer> | ||
| + | </body> | ||
| + | |||
| + | </html> | ||
| @@ -0,0 +1,136 @@ | |||
| <!DOCTYPE html> | |||
| <html lang="en"> | |||
| <head> | |||
| <meta charset="utf-8"> | |||
| <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> | |||
| <meta http-equiv="content-language" content="en"> | |||
| <meta name="keywords" content="solutions, savchenko, physics problems, olympiad physics, physics book"> | |||
| <meta name="description" content="A website with solutions to physics problems from Savchenko Textbook"> | |||
| <meta property="og:title" content="Savchenko Solutions"> | |||
| <meta property="og:image" content="img/logo.png"> | |||
| <meta property="og:description" content="A website with solutions to physics problems from Savchenko Textbook"> | |||
| <meta name="yandex-verification" content="6cfda41f74038368"> | |||
| <title>Savchenko Solutions</title> | |||
| <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://savchenko-physics.github.io/css/css-latex/style.css"> | |||
| <link rel="icon" href="https://savchenko-physics.github.io/img/logo.png" type="image/png"> | |||
| <script src="https://savchenko-physics.github.io/js/jquery-1.10.1.min.js"></script> | |||
| <script async src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.7/MathJax.js?config=TeX-MML-AM_CHTML"></script> | |||
| <script type="text/x-mathjax-config"> | |||
| MathJax.Hub.Config({ | |||
| extensions: ['tex2jax.js'], | |||
| jax: ['input/TeX', 'output/HTML-CSS'], | |||
| tex2jax: { | |||
| inlineMath: [['$', '$'], ['$', '$']], | |||
| processEscapes: true, | |||
| processClass: 'tex2jax', | |||
| ignoreClass: 'html' | |||
| }, | |||
| showProcessingMessages: false, | |||
| messageStyle: 'none' | |||
| }); | |||
| </script> | |||
| </head> | |||
| <body style=""> | |||
| <header style="text-align:center;"> | |||
| <h2>Solutions of Savchenko Physics Textbook</h2> | |||
| <p class="author"> | |||
| Aliaksandr Melnichenka <br/> | |||
| October 2023 | |||
| </p> | |||
| </header> | |||
| <h3 id="back-link"><a href="../#2.2">$\leftarrow$Back</a></h3> | |||
| <h3> Statement </h3> | |||
| <p> | |||
| $2.2.37.$ Determine the thrust force of an air-jet engine of an airplane flying at a speed of $V$. The mass consumption of fuel and air entering the engine is equal to $\mu_1$ and $\mu_2$, respectively. Velocity of combustion products relative to the aircraft at the engine exit $u$. | |||
| </p> | |||
| <h3>Solution</h3> | |||
| <p> | |||
| </p> | |||
| <center> | |||
| <figure> | |||
| <img src="2.2.37.jpg" | |||
| loading="lazy" width="250" /> | |||
| <figcaption> | |||
| Reference frame relative to the earth | |||
| </figcaption> | |||
| </figure> | |||
| </center> | |||
| <p> | |||
| \begin{equation*} | |||
| \Delta p_x = ((\mu_1 + \mu_2)u - \mu_2 v) \Delta t | |||
| \end{equation*} | |||
| From the condition: | |||
| $$ | |||
| u_{\text{rel}} = u, \quad v_{\text{rel}} = 0 | |||
| $$ | |||
| Write the vector sum for the relative velocities | |||
| $$ | |||
| \vec{v}_{\text{rel}} = \vec{0} - \vec{v} | |||
| $$ | |||
| $$ | |||
| v_{\text{rel} \, x} = -v_x | |||
| $$ | |||
| $$ | |||
| +v_{\text{rel}} = -(-v) = v | |||
| $$ | |||
| Find the change in momentum over a soapy time interval | |||
| \begin{equation*} | |||
| \Delta p_x = \left( \mu_1 u + \mu_2 (u - v) \right) \Delta t | |||
| \end{equation*} | |||
| Let's use Newton's second law in impulse form | |||
| \begin{equation*} | |||
| F_x = \frac{\Delta p_x}{\Delta t} = \mu_1 u + \mu_2 (u - v) | |||
| \end{equation*} | |||
| By definition of mass consumption | |||
| $$ | |||
| m_1 = \mu_1 \Delta t, \quad m_2 = \mu_2 \Delta t | |||
| $$ | |||
| According to Newton's third law, these forces are equal to | |||
| \begin{equation*} | |||
| T = -F_x | |||
| \end{equation*} | |||
| From where the required thrust force | |||
| $$ | |||
| \boxed{|T| = \mu_1 u + \mu_2 (u - v)} | |||
| $$ | |||
| </p> | |||
| <h4>Answer</h4> | |||
| <p> | |||
| $$F = \mu_2 (u - v) + \mu_1 u$$ | |||
| </p> | |||
| <p style="text-align: right; font-style: italic; font-size: 14;"> | |||
| Almaskhan Arsen<br> | |||
| </p> | |||
| <footer class="row container"> | |||
| <br> | |||
| <p> | |||
| <small> © <strong>Savchenko Solutions</strong>, 2023-2024 <br></small> | |||
| </p> | |||
| <p> | |||
| <small>All rights belong to the authors. <br> Commercial use of materials - with the written permission of the authors. <br> astrosander01@gmail.com <br></small> | |||
| </p> | |||
| </footer> | |||
| </body> | |||
| </html> | |||